{"id":621,"date":"2016-07-06T19:25:23","date_gmt":"2016-07-06T19:25:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/?page_id=621"},"modified":"2025-08-31T13:39:27","modified_gmt":"2025-08-31T13:39:27","slug":"bibliography","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/bibliography\/","title":{"rendered":"Bibliography"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\">[vc_row][vc_column][vc_single_image image=&#8221;815&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1473685694356{margin-top: -50px !important;}&#8221;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column]<style>.vcex-heading.vcex_69d84f4bce19e{font-size:36px;font-weight:600;}<\/style><div class=\"vcex-heading vcex-heading-plain vcex-module wpex-heading wpex-text-2xl vc_custom_1473685918144 vcex_69d84f4bce19e\"><span class=\"vcex-heading-inner wpex-inline-block\">Bibliography on Boston Immigrants<\/span><\/div>[vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1707859900624{margin-top: -30px !important;padding-right: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;padding-left: 30px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;}&#8221;]\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"#generalworks\">General Works<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"#ethnicgroups\">Ethnic Groups<\/a><\/h3>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"#asianamericans\">Asian Americans<\/a> \/ <a href=\"#brazilians\">Brazilians<\/a> \/ <a href=\"#cambodians\">Cambodians<\/a> \/ <a href=\"#canadians\">Canadians<\/a> \/ <a href=\"#cv\">Cape Verdeans<\/a> \/ <a href=\"#chinese\">Chinese<\/a> \/ <a href=\"#centralamericans\">Central Americans<\/a> \/ <a href=\"#colombians\">Colombians<\/a> \/\u00a0<a href=\"#dominicans\">Dominicans<\/a> \/ <a href=\"#haitians\">Haitians<\/a> \/ <a href=\"#irish\">Irish<\/a> \/ <a href=\"#italians\">Italians<\/a> \/ <a href=\"#jews\">Jews<\/a> \/ <a href=\"#koreans\">Koreans<\/a> \/ <a href=\"#latinos\">Latinos<\/a> \/ <a href=\"#portuguese\">Portuguese<\/a> \/\u00a0<a href=\"#southasians\">South Asians<\/a> \/\u00a0<a href=\"#syrians\">Syrians &amp; Lebanese<\/a> \/ <a href=\"#vietnamese\">Vietnamese<\/a> \/ <a href=\"#westindians\">West Indians<\/a><\/h4>\n<h3><a href=\"#refugees\">Refugees and Asylees<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3><a href=\"#work\">Work and the Economy<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3><a href=\"#nativism\">Nativism, Racism &amp; Violence<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3><a href=\"#religion\">Religion<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3><a href=\"#politics\">Politics<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3><a href=\"#links\">Links to Sources on Greater Boston Area Immigration<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/bibliography\/ethnic-newspapers\/\">Ethnic Newspapers of Greater Boston<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1 id=\"generalworks\" style=\"text-align: center;\">General Works<\/h1>\n<p>Adams, Bluford. <em>Old and New New Englanders: Immigration and Regional Identity in the Gilded Age<\/em>. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2014.<\/p>\n<p>Bloemraad, Irene. \u201cThe New Face of Greater Boston: Meeting the Needs of Immigrants.\u201d In <em>Governing Greater Boston<\/em>, edited by Charles C. Euchner, 71\u2013106. Cambridge, Mass: Rappaport Institute for Greater Boston, 2003.<\/p>\n<p>Bluestone, Barry and Mary Huff Stevenson. <em>The Boston Renaissance\u202f: Race, Space, and Economic Change in an American Metropolis<\/em>. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 2000.<\/p>\n<p>Buccitelli, Anthony B. <em>City of Neighborhoods: Memory, Folklore, and Ethnic Place in Boston.<\/em>\u00a0Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 2016.<\/p>\n<p>Handlin, Oscar. <em>Boston\u2019s Immigrants\u202f: A Study in Acculturation<\/em>. Rev. ed. Cambridge, Mass: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1979.<\/p>\n<p>Johnson, Marilynn S. <em>The New Bostonians: How Immigrants Have Transformed the Metro Area Since the 1960s.\u00a0<\/em>Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2015.<\/p>\n<p>Kennedy, Albert J.. <em>The Zone of Emergence: Observations of the Lower Middle and Upper Working Class Communities of Boston, 1905-1914<\/em>. 2d ed. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 1969.<\/p>\n<p>Kutt, Deirdre L. &#8220;The Hidden Experience: Untold Stories of Immigrant Agency During the Settlement House Movement in Boston,&#8221; M.A. Thesis, University of Massachusetts Boston, 2013.<\/p>\n<p>Petersen, Kristen A.\u00a0<em>Waltham Rediscovered<\/em><em>: An Ethnic History of Waltham, Massachusetts<\/em>. Portsmouth, NH: PE Randall, 1988.<\/p>\n<p>Stack, John F. <em>International Conflict in an American City\u202f: Boston\u2019s Irish, Italians, and Jews, 1935-1944<\/em>. Contributions in Political Science\u202f; No. 26. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press, 1979.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Sum, Andrew, et al. <a href=\"http:\/\/massinc.org\/research\/the-changing-face-of-massachusetts\/\"><em>The Changing Face of Massachusetts<\/em><\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.massinc.org\/~\/media\/Files\/Mass%20Inc\/Research\/Full%20Report%20PDF%20files\/changing_face_report.ashx\">.<\/a> Boston: MassINC, 2005.<\/p>\n<p>US Immigration Commission. <em>Reports of the Immigration Commission<\/em>. Vol. 26: Immigrants in Cities, Part 5: Boston. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1911.<\/p>\n<p>Woods, Robert Archey. <em>The City Wilderness; A Settlement Study<\/em>. New York: Garrett Press, 1970.<\/p>\n<p>Wright, Conrad Edick and Reed Ueda, eds. <em>Faces of community: Immigrant Massachusetts, 1860-2000<\/em>. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 2003.<\/p>\n<h1 id=\"ethnicgroups\" style=\"text-align: center;\">Ethnic Groups<\/h1>\n<h2 id=\"asianamericans\">Asian Americans<\/h2>\n<p>Bock, Paula and Ken Brusic. <em>The Asians: Quincy\u2019s Newest Immigrants<\/em>. Quincy, Mass: Patriot Ledger, 1989.<\/p>\n<p>Chung, Tom L. \u201cAsian Americans in Enclaves\u2014They Are Not One Community: New Modes of Asian-American Settlement.\u201d <em>Asian American Policy Review<\/em> 5 (1995): 78\u201394.<\/p>\n<p>Song, Elaine. <a href=\"https:\/\/repository.library.northeastern.edu\/downloads\/neu:274096?datastream_id=content\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u201cTo Live in Peace: Responding to Anti-Asian Violence in Boston.\u201d <\/a>Boston, Mass.: Asian American Resource Workshop 1987.<\/p>\n<p>Tolbert, Kathryn. \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.warbrideproject.com\/chance-meetings-in-japan\/with-jfks-help\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kimiko Yamaguchi Amato: With JFK\u2019s Help<\/a>,\u201d Japanese War Brides: An Oral History Archive. See also the documentary film, <em>Fall Seven Times, Get Up Eight: The Japanese War Brides<\/em> (Third World Newsreel, 2015).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"brazilians\">Brazilians<\/h2>\n<p>Cebulko, Kara B. <em>Undocumented, and Something Else: The Incorporation of Children of Brazilian Immigrants<\/em>. El Paso, TX: LFB Scholarly Publishing, 2013.<\/p>\n<p>Decker, Daniel Brasil. <a href=\"http:\/\/dca.lib.tufts.edu\/features\/urban\/MS083.005.024.00003.pdf\">\u201cThe Brazilian Immigrant Experience: A Study on the Evolution of a Brazilian Community in Somerville and the Greater Boston Area.\u201d<\/a> 2006. Urban Borderlands Records. Tufts Digital Collections and Archives.<\/p>\n<p>Fritz, Catarina. <em>Brazilian Immigration and the Quest for Identity<\/em>. El Paso, TX : LFB Scholarly Publications, 2011.<\/p>\n<p>Jou\u00ebt-Pastr\u00e9, Cl\u00e9mence, Leticia J Braga, and David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies. <em>Becoming Brazuca\u202f: Brazilian Immigration to the United States<\/em>. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University, David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies, 2008.<\/p>\n<p>Marcelli, Enrico, et al. \u201c(In)Visible (Im)Migrants: The Health and Socioeconomic Integration of Brazilians in Metropolitan Boston.\u201d San Diego, Calif.: Center for Behavioral and Community Health Studies, San Diego State University, 2009.<\/p>\n<p>Marcus, Alan P. \u201cThe Contexts and Consequences of Brazilian Transnational Migration Processes: An Ethnic Geography in Two Countries.\u201d Ph.D diss., University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2008.<\/p>\n<p>Marrow, Helen. \u201cTo Be or Not to Be (Hispanic or Latino): Brazilian Racial and Ethnic Identity in the United States.\u201d <em>Ethnicities<\/em> 3, no. 4 (2003): 427\u201364.<\/p>\n<p>Millman, Joel. <em>The Other Americans\u202f: How Immigrants Renew Our Country, Our Economy, and Our Values<\/em>, Chapter 7. New York, NY: Viking, 1997.<\/p>\n<p>Sales, Teresa. <em>Brazilians Away from Home<\/em>. New York: Center Migration Studies, 2004.<\/p>\n<p>Skorczeski, Laura. \u201cEthnic Place Making: Thirty Years of Brazilian Immigration to South Framingham, Massachusetts,\u201d MS thesis., Portland State University, 2009.<\/p>\n<p>Siqueira, C. Eduardo and Cileine de Lourenco. \u201cBrazilians in Massachusetts: Migration, Identity and Work.\u201d In <em>Latinos in New England<\/em>, edited by Andr\u00e9s Torres, 187\u2013202. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2006.<\/p>\n<p>Tracy, Natalicia Rocha. &#8220;Transnational Brazilians: Class, Race, Immigration Status and Family Life,&#8221; Ph.D. diss., Boston University, 2016.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"cambodians\">Cambodians<\/h2>\n<p>Chan, Sucheng. <em>Survivors: Cambodian Refugees in the United States<\/em>. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2004.<\/p>\n<p>De Milo, David. \u201cJury Duty,\u201d <em>Boston Magazine<\/em>, November 1986.<\/p>\n<p>Smith-Hefner, Nancy Joan. <em>Khmer American: Identity and Moral Education in a Diasporic Community<\/em>. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999.<\/p>\n<p>Tang, Suet-ling Shirley. \u201c\u2018Enough Is Enough\u2019: Struggles for Cambodian American Community Development in Revere, Massachusetts.\u201d Ph.D. diss., State University of New York at Buffalo, 2002.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"canadians\"><strong>Canadians<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Burrill, Gary. <em>Away: Maritimers in Massachusetts, Ontario and Albert: An Oral History of Leaving Home<\/em>. Montreal, Canada: McGill-Queen&#8217;s University Press, 1992.<\/p>\n<p>Kennedy, Albert J.<a href=\"http:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/ethnic-groups\/canadians\/the-provincials-migrants-from-the-maritimes\/\"> &#8220;The Provincials,&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0<em>Acadiensis, 4:2 (Spring 1975): 85-101.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"cv\">Cape Verdeans<\/h2>\n<p>Almeida, Ray. <a href=\"http:\/\/archive.is\/jS2tz\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u201cThe Church and the People of Cape Verde.\u201d <\/a>1997.<\/p>\n<p>Gibau, Gina S\u00e1nchez. \u201cContested Identities: Narratives of Race and Ethnicity in the Cape Verdean Diaspora.\u201d <em>Identities: Global Studies in Culture and Power<\/em> 12 (July 2005): 405\u201338.<\/p>\n<p>Halter, Marilyn. <em>Between Race and Ethnicity: Cape Verdean American Immigrants, 1880-1965<\/em>. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1993.<\/p>\n<p>Lima, Ambrizeth Helena. <em>The Socialization of Cabo Verdean Immigrant Youth in Urban America<\/em>. Leiden, the Netherlands: Brill Publishing, 2022.<\/p>\n<p>Pires, Jessica F., <a href=\"http:\/\/digitalcommons.colby.edu\/honorstheses\/697\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">&#8220;Uphams Corner and &#8216;Other&#8217; Spaces: Racialized Youth Identities in Boston&#8217;s Cape Verdean Community,&#8221;<\/a> Senior Honors Thesis, Colby College, Digital Commons, 2013.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"centralamericans\">Central Americans<\/h2>\n<p>Alvarado, Blanca. \u201cExploitation in the Shadows: Unauthorized Latina Migrants Tell Their Story.\u201d Ph.D. diss., Boston University, 2007.<\/p>\n<p>Chaskel, Sebasti\u00e1n. \u201cFrom Yucuaiqu\u00edn to Somerville: Religious Beliefs and Traditions of a Transnational Community.\u201d Medford, Mass.: Tufts University, Fall 2004. Urban Borderlands Records. Tufts Digital Collections and Archives.<\/p>\n<p>Lado, Karen M. &#8220;Immigrant Workers in the Cleaning Industry: The Central American Experience in Boston.&#8221; M.A. thesis, MIT, 1994.<\/p>\n<p>Schmalzbauer, Leah. <em>Striving and Surviving: A Daily Life Analysis of Transnational Honduran Families<\/em>. New York: Routledge, 2005.<\/p>\n<p>Somerville\/Cambridge Latino Community History Project, 2006 2002. Urban Borderlands Records, Tufts Digital Collections and Archives. <a href=\"http:\/\/dca.lib.tufts.edu\/features\/urban\/\">http:\/\/dca.lib.tufts.edu\/features\/urban\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Uriarte, Miren, et al. <a href=\"http:\/\/scholarworks.umb.edu\/gaston_pubs\/134\">\u201cSalvadorans, Guatemalans, Hondurans and Colombians: A Scan of Needs of Recent Latin American Immigrants to the Boston Area.\u201d<\/a> Boston: Mauricio Gast\u00f3n Institute, University of Massachusetts Boston, 2003.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"chinese\">Chinese<\/h2>\n<p>Blockstein, Mike, Reanne Estrada, David Lawrence, and Asian Community Development Corporation.<em> A Chinatown Banquet<\/em>. Boston, 2006.<\/p>\n<p>Boston 200 Corporation. <em>Chinatown<\/em>. Boston: Boston 200 Corporation, 1976.<\/p>\n<p>Chen, Thomas. \u201cDesire Lines: Chinese American Geographies and Urban Development in Boston\u2019s Postwar Chinatown.\u201d Ph.D. dissertation, Brown University, 2014.<\/p>\n<p>Chinese American Civic Association. \u201cReport on the Conference on the Future of Boston\u2019s Chinatown.\u201d Boston, 1972. available at Boston Public Library.<\/p>\n<p>Chu, Doris C. J. <em>Chinese in Massachusetts: Their Experiences and Contributions<\/em>. Boston: Chinese Culture Institute, 1987.<\/p>\n<p>Chi-kan, Richard Hung. \u201cSeparate but Connected: Challenges Amid Progress for Chinese American Enclaves in Boston.\u201d Research paper. University of Massachusetts Boston, 2004.<\/p>\n<p>Lam, Margaret C. \u201cChinese Immigrant Women in the Garment Industry in Boston, Massachusetts 1965-1985.\u201d Honors Thesis, Harvard College, 1991.<\/p>\n<p>Liu, Michael. <em>Forever Struggle: Activism, Identity, and Survival in Boston&#8217;s Chinatown, 1880-2018<\/em>. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2020.<\/p>\n<p>Liu, Mike. \u201cGrass Roots Politics and Boston\u2019s Asian Community.\u201d <em>Radical America<\/em> 17\/18 (Nov. 1983): 80\u201386.<\/p>\n<p>Lo, Shauna. &#8220;Chinese Women Entering New England: Chinese Exclusion Act Case Files, Boston, 1911-1925,&#8221; <em>New England Quarterly<\/em> 81 (September 2008): 383-409.<\/p>\n<p>Muse, Erika. <em>The Evangelical Church in Boston\u2019s Chinatown: A Discourse of Language, Gender and Identity<\/em>. New York: Routledge, 2005.<\/p>\n<p>Newendorp, Nicole<a href=\"http:\/\/scholarworks.umb.edu\/iaas_pubs\/26\/\">. &#8220;Chinese-born Seniors on the Move: Transnational Mobility and Family Life Between the Pearl River Delta and Boston, Massachusetts.&#8221;<\/a> Institute for Asian American Studies Publications, Paper 26, 2011.<\/p>\n<p>Sullivan, Charles, Kathlyn Hatch, and Action for Boston Community Development. Planning and Evaluation Department. &#8220;The Chinese in Boston, 1970.&#8221; Boston, 1970.<\/p>\n<p>Teng, Emma J. &#8220;Chinese Elites and U.S. Gatekeeping: Racial Discrimination and Class Privilege in Boston&#8217;s 1905 King Incident,&#8221; <em>Modern American History<\/em>, 4 (March 2021): 1-24.<\/p>\n<p>Wang, Zhongxin. \u201cA History of Chinese Churches in Boston (1876&#8211;1994).\u201d Th.D. diss. Boston University School of Theology, 2000.<\/p>\n<p>Wong, K. Scott. \u201c\u2018The Eagle Seeks a Helpless Quarry\u2019: Chinatown, the Police, and the Press; The 1903 Boston Chinatown Raid Revisited.\u201d <em>Amerasia Journal<\/em> 22, no. 3 (1996): 81\u2013103.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"colombians\">Colombians<\/h2>\n<p>Borges-Mendez, Ramon, Michael Liu, and Paul Watanabe. <a href=\"http:\/\/scholarworks.umb.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1000&amp;context=csp_pubs\"><em>Immigrant Entrepreneurs and Neighborhood Revitalization: Studies of the Allston Village, East Boston, and Fields Corner Neighborhoods in Boston<\/em><\/a>. Malden, MA: Immigrant Learning Center, 2005.<\/p>\n<p>Boston. BRA Research Division and the Mayor\u2019s Office of Immigrant Advancement. <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.immigrationresearch.org\/system\/files\/Colombia.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Imagine All the People: Colombians<\/a>,<\/em>\u00a02016.<\/p>\n<p>Caraballo, Jorge.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@jorgecaraballo\/this-is-the-story-of-donmat%C3%ADas-a-colombian-town-with-a-very-unusual-migratory-behavior-9fb517ad2e23\">&#8220;&#8216;Donmat\u00edas, Massachusetts.'&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0Medium (blog), December 9, 2015.<\/p>\n<p>&#8212;<a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@jorgecaraballo\/east-boston-nuestra-casa-57aaf19f272\">East Boston, Nuestra Casa.<\/a>\u00a0Medium (blog), April 11, 2017.<\/p>\n<p>Chomsky, Aviva. <em>Linked Labor Histories: New England, Colombia, and the Making of a Global Working Class<\/em>. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2008.<\/p>\n<p>Glaessel-Brown, Eleanor E.\u00a0\u201cA Time of Transition: Columbian Textile Workers in Lowell in the 1970s\u201d in <em>The Continuing Revolution: A History of Lowell, Massachusetts<\/em>, edited by Robert Weible. Lowell, MA: Lowell Historical Society, 1991.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/soundcloud.com\/user-362352614\/amelia-and-jennifer-sanchez-discuss-history-of-la-sultana-bakery\">Interview with Amelia and Jennifer Sanchez<\/a> by Colleen Hyland, East Boston, October 17, 2016.<\/p>\n<p>McDonald, Michele, &#8220;Deepening Roots Like the Irish and Italians Before Them, Eastie&#8217;s Latinos are Forsaking Homeland Dreams to Move from Renting to Owning&#8211;Homes, Businesses, Even Burial Plots,&#8221;\u00a0<em>Boston Globe<\/em>. December 1, 2002.<\/p>\n<p>Shenoy, Rupa, <a href=\"http:\/\/news.wgbh.org\/2016\/04\/26\/struggling-colombian-village-revived-east-boston-it-could-soon-fade-away\">&#8220;A Struggling Colombian Village is Revived in East Boston, But It Could Soon Fade Away,&#8221;<\/a> WGBH News. April 26, 2016.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"dominicans\">Dominicans<\/h2>\n<p>Barber, Llana. Latino City: <em>Immigration and Urban Crisis in Lawrence, Massachusetts, 1945-2000<\/em>. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2017.<\/p>\n<p>Levitt, Peggy. <em>The Transnational Villagers.<\/em> Berkeley: University of California Press, 2001.<\/p>\n<p>Marcelli, Enrico, et al. \u201cPermanently Temporary? The Health and Socioeconomic Integration of Dominicans in Metropolitan Boston.\u201d San Diego, Calif.: Center for Behavioral and Community Health Studies, San Diego State University, 2009.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"haitians\">Haitians<\/h2>\n<p>Cantave, Alix. \u201cIncorporation or Symbiosis: Haitians and African Americans in Mattapan.\u201d <em>Trotter Review<\/em> 19 (January 2010): 107\u201323.<\/p>\n<p>Bernstein, David. \u201cDon\u2019t F*ck with Linda.\u201d <em>Boston Magazine<\/em>, July 2014.<\/p>\n<p>Jackson, Regine O. \u201cAfter the Exodus: The New Catholics in Boston\u2019s Old Ethnic Neighborhoods.\u201d <em>Religion and American Culture<\/em> 17 (Summer 2007): 191\u2013212.<\/p>\n<p>\u2014\u2014\u2014. \u201cThe Uses of Diaspora among Haitians in Boston.\u201d In <em>Geographies of the Haitian Diaspora<\/em>, edited by Regine O. Jackson, 135\u201362. New York: Routledge, 2011.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"irish\">Irish<\/h2>\n<p>Ainley, Leslie G. <em>Boston Mahatma<\/em>. Boston: B. Humphries, Inc, 1949.<\/p>\n<p>Darby, Paul. &#8220;Gaelic sport and the Irish diaspora in Boston, 1879-90,&#8221; <em>Irish Historical Studies<\/em> 33 (November 2003): 387-403.<\/p>\n<p>Dwyer-Ryan, Meaghan. <a href=\"http:\/\/dlib.bc.edu\/islandora\/object\/bc-ir:101847\">&#8220;Ethnic Patriotism: Boston&#8217;s Irish and Jews, 1880-1929.&#8221;<\/a> Ph.D. diss., Boston College, 2009.<\/p>\n<p>Gamm, Gerald H. <em>Urban Exodus: Why the Jews Left Boston and the Catholics Stayed<\/em>. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1999.<\/p>\n<p>Gedutis, Susan. <em>See You at the Hall: Boston\u2019s Golden Era of Irish Music and Dance. <\/em>Boston: Northeastern University Press, 2004.<\/p>\n<p>Handlin, Oscar. <em>Boston\u2019s Immigrants: A Study in Acculturation<\/em>. Rev. ed. Cambridge, Mass: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1979.<\/p>\n<p>Harris, Ruth-Ann Mellish and Donald M. Jacobs. <em>The Search for Missing Friends\u202f: Irish Immigrant Advertisements Placed in the Boston Pilot<\/em>. Boston: New England Historic Genealogical Society, 1989.<\/p>\n<p>Hirota, Hidetaka.\u00a0<em>Expelling the Poor: Atlantic Seaboard States and the Origins of American Immigration Policy.<\/em>\u00a0New York: Oxford University Press, 2017.<\/p>\n<p>MacDonald, Michael Patrick. <em>All Souls\u202f: A Family Story from Southie<\/em>. New York: Ballantine Books, 2000.<\/p>\n<p>Michalczyk, John J. <em>Of Stars &amp; Shamrocks: Boston\u2019s Jews &amp; Irish<\/em>. Produced by Etoile Productions and National Center for Jewish Film, 2006.<\/p>\n<p>Moloney, Deirdre M. &#8220;A Transatlantic Reform: Boston&#8217;s Port Protection Program and Irish Women Immigrants,&#8221; <em>Journal of American Ethnic History<\/em> 19 (Fall 1999): 50-66.<\/p>\n<p>Murray, Damien. <em>Irish Nationalists in Boston: Catholicism and Conflict, 1900-1928. <\/em>Washington, D.C. : The Catholic University of America Press. 2018.<em><br \/>\n<\/em><\/p>\n<p>O\u2019Connor, Thomas H. <em>South Boston, My Home Town\u202f: The History of an Ethnic Neighborhood<\/em>. New ed. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1994.<\/p>\n<p>\u2014\u2014\u2014. <em>The Boston Irish: A Political History<\/em>. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1995.<\/p>\n<p>O\u2019Neill, Gerard. <em>Rogues and Redeemers: When Politics Was King in Irish Boston<\/em>. 1st ed. New York: Crown Publishers, 2012.<\/p>\n<p>Quinlin, Michael P. <em>Irish Boston: A Lively Look at Boston\u2019s Colorful Irish Past<\/em>. 2nd ed. Guilford, Conn.: Globe Pequot Press, 2013.<\/p>\n<p>Ryan, Dennis P. <em>Beyond the Ballot Box: A Social History of the Boston Irish, 1845-1917<\/em>. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1989.<\/p>\n<p>Ryan, James Emmett. &#8220;Fight Club, 1880: B0xing, Class, and Literary Culture in John Boyle O&#8217;Reilly&#8217;s Boston,&#8221; <em>Journal of American Studies<\/em> 54 (October 2020): 706-36.<\/p>\n<p>Ryan, Michael. <em>The Irish in Boston.<\/em> Boston: Boston 200, 1975.<\/p>\n<p>Sanders, James W. <em>Irish vs. Yankees: A Social History of the Boston Schools<\/em>. New York: Oxford University Press, 2018.<\/p>\n<p>Stevens, Peter F. <em>Hidden History of the Boston Irish\u202f: Little-Known Stories from Ireland\u2019s \u201cNext Parish Over.\u201d<\/em> Charleston, SC: History Press, 2008.<\/p>\n<p>Whyte, William. \u201cRace Conflicts in the North End of Boston.\u201d <em>New England Quarterly<\/em> 12 (December 1939): 623\u201342.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"italians\">Italians<\/h2>\n<p>DeMarco, William M. &#8220;Ethnics and Enclaves the Italian Settlement in the North End of Boston.&#8221; Ph.D. diss., Boston College, 1980.<\/p>\n<p>Ferraiuolo, Augusto. <em>Religious Festive Practices in Boston\u2019s North End\u202f: Ephemeral Identities in an Italian American Community.<\/em> Albany: State University of New York Press, 2009.<\/p>\n<p>Garbus, Julie. &#8220;&#8216;My Good Italian Friends&#8217;: Vida Scudder and Boston&#8217;s Circolo Italo-Americano,&#8221; <em>New England Quarterly<\/em>, 94 (December 2021): 531-63.<\/p>\n<p>Goldfeld, Alex R. <em>The North End: A Brief History of Boston&#8217;s Oldest Neighborhood<\/em>. Charleston, SC: The History Press, 2009.<\/p>\n<p>Pasto. &#8220;Immigrants and Ethnics: Post-World War II Italian Immigration and Boston&#8217;s North End, 1945-2016,&#8221;in <em>New Italian Migrations to the United States, Volume I: Politics and History Since 1945<\/em>, ed. Laura E. Ruberto and Joseph Sciorra. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2017, 105-31.<\/p>\n<p>Prout, Lisa. &#8220;Adopting a Home: Il Circolo Italo-Americano and the Local Network that Opened Doors for Boston\u2019s Italian Immigrants, 1903-1915.&#8221; Ph.D. diss., Harvard University, 2022.<\/p>\n<p>Puleo, Stephen. <em>The Boston Italians\u202f: A Story of Pride, Perseverance, and Paesani, from the Years of the Great Immigration to the Present Day.<\/em> Boston: Beacon Press, 2007.<\/p>\n<p>Riccio, Anthony V. <em>Portrait of an Italian-American Neighborhood\u202f: The North End of Boston.<\/em> New York: Center for Migration Studies, 1998.<\/p>\n<p>Todisco, Paula J. <em>Boston\u2019s First Neighborhood: The North End.<\/em> Boston: Boston Public Library, 1976.<\/p>\n<p>Whyte, William. \u201cRace Conflicts in the North End of Boston.\u201d <em>New England Quarterly<\/em> 12 (December 1939): 623\u201342.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"jews\">Jews<\/h2>\n<p>Antin, Mary. <em>The Promised Land.<\/em> 2d ed.. Boston, Houghton Mifflin, 1969.<\/p>\n<p>Conway, Lorie and Leonard Nimoy, WGBH, and American Jewish Historical Society. <em>The Jews of Boston.<\/em> Boston: WGBH Education Foundation, 1996.<\/p>\n<p>Coreth, Lake. <a href=\"http:\/\/dlib.bc.edu\/islandora\/object\/bc-ir:102161\">\u201cChelsea Under Fire: Urban Industrial Life, Urban Crisis, and the Trajectory of Jewish and Latino Chelsea.\u201d<\/a> Senior honors thesis, Boston College, 2011.<\/p>\n<p>Dwyer-Ryan, Meaghan. <em>Becoming American Jews: Temple Israel of Boston<\/em>. Waltham, Mass: Brandeis University Press, 2009.<\/p>\n<p>Gamm, Gerald H. <em>Urban Exodus: Why the Jews Left Boston and the Catholics Stayed.<\/em> Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1999.<\/p>\n<p>Levine, Hillel. <em>The Death of an American Jewish Community\u202f: A Tragedy of Good Intentions.<\/em> New York: Free Press, 1992.<\/p>\n<p>Kazis, Bernice, Elaine Bakal, and Zelda Kaplan. <em>Short Stories of a Long Journey: An Oral History of Russian Jewish Resettlement North of Boston<\/em>. Swampscott, Mass: Hand-In-Hand Oral History Project, 2002.<\/p>\n<p>Michalczyk, John J. <em>Of Stars &amp; Shamrocks: Boston\u2019s Jews &amp; Irish<\/em>. Produced by Etoile Productions and National Center for Jewish Film, 2006.<\/p>\n<p>Mostov, Stephen G. \u201cA Sociological Portrait of German Jewish Immigrants in Boston: 1845-1861.\u201d <em>AJS Review<\/em> 3 (1978): 121-52.<\/p>\n<p>Norwood, Stephen H. &#8220;Marauding Youth and teh Christian Front: Antisemitic Violence in Boston and New York During World War II, <em>American Jewish History<\/em>, Vol. 91:2 (June 2003): 233-67.<\/p>\n<p>Pierce, Alan S. <em>A History of Boston\u2019s Jewish North Shore.<\/em> Charleston, SC: The History Press, 2009.<\/p>\n<p>Sarna, Jonathan D. and Ellen Smith. <em>The Jews of Boston<\/em>. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press, 2005.<\/p>\n<p>Simon, Rita J. and Melanie Brooks. \u201cSoviet Jewish Immigrants\u2019 Adjustment in Four United States Cities.\u201d <em>Journal of Jewish Communal Service<\/em> 60 (November 1983): 56\u201364.<\/p>\n<p>Wieder, Arnold A. <em>The Early Jewish Community of Boston\u2019s North End; a Sociologically Oriented Study of an Eastern European Jewish Immigrant Community in an American Big-City Neighborhood between 1870 and 1900<\/em>. Waltham, Mass: Brandeis University, 1962.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"koreans\">Koreans<\/h2>\n<p>Baik, Crystal Mun-hye. \u201cKorean Immigration to the United States After World War II.\u201d In <em>Oxford Research Encyclopedia of American History<\/em>, 2019.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.bu.edu\/koreandiaspora\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Boston Korea Diaspora Project<\/a>, Boston University, 2015.<\/p>\n<p>Chai, Karen Jung Won. \u201cProtestant-Catholic-Buddhist: Korean Americans and Religious Adaptation in Greater Boston.\u201d Ph.D. diss., Harvard University, 2000.<\/p>\n<p>&#8212;. \u201cInter-ethnic Religious Diversity: Korean Buddhists and Protestants in Greater Boston.\u201d In <em>Korean Americans and Their Religions, e<\/em>dited by Ho-Youn Kwon, Kwang Chun Kim, and R. Stephen Warner, 273-94. State College: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2001.<\/p>\n<p>Curry, Thomas. \u201cA Korean Catholic Experience: St. Philip Neri Parish in the Archdiocese of Boston.\u201d <em>US Catholic Historian<\/em> 18 (Winter 2000).<\/p>\n<p>Denzell, Maureen. \u201cKoreans Keep the Faith, As Pursuit of the American Dream Threatens to Divide Them, Immigrants and Their Children Turn to Church to Keep Their Community Whole,\u201d <em>Boston Globe<\/em>, Janurary 12, 1995.<\/p>\n<p>Kupel, Nathan James Bae. \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/scholarworks.umb.edu\/iaas_pubs\/24\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Profiles of Asian American Subgroups in Massachusetts: Korean Americans in Massachusetts<\/a>,\u201d 2010.\u00a0 Institute for Asian American Studies Publications. 24.<\/p>\n<p>Matt Rocheleau. \u201cKorean Enclave Grows Strong Roots in Boston\u2019s Allston-Brighton Area,\u201d <em>Boston Globe<\/em>, October 28, 2012.<\/p>\n<p>New England Centennial Committe of Korean Immigration to the United States. <em>History of Koreans in New England<\/em>. Seoul, Korea: San-Hak Press, 2004.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"latinos\">Latinos<\/h2>\n<p>Alvarado, Blanca. \u201cExploitation in the Shadows: Unauthorized Latina Migrants Tell Their Story.\u201d Ph.D. diss., Boston University, 2007.<\/p>\n<p>Borges-M\u00e9ndez, Ram\u00f3n, Michael Liu, and Paul Watanabe. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ilctr.org\/promoting-immigrants\/immigration-research\/\">\u201cImmigrant Entrepreneurs and Neighborhood Revitalization.\u201d<\/a> Malden, Mass.: Immigrant Learning Center, 2005.<\/p>\n<p>Bruno, Melania and Mauricio Gast\u00f3n. \u201cLatinos for Mel King: Some Reflections.\u201d <em>Radical America<\/em> 17\/18 (November 1983): 67\u201379.<\/p>\n<p>Camayd-Freixas, Yohel and Russell Paul Lopez. <em>Gaps in Representative Democracy: Redistricting, Political Participation, and the Latino Vote in Boston<\/em>. Boston: Hispanic Office of Planning and Evaluation, 1983.<\/p>\n<p>Chomsky, Aviva. <em>Linked Labor Histories: New England, Colombia, and the Making of a Global Working Class<\/em>. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2008.<\/p>\n<p>Coreth, Lake. <a href=\"http:\/\/dlib.bc.edu\/islandora\/object\/bc-ir:102161\">\u201cChelsea Under Fire: Urban Industrial Life, Urban Crisis, and the Trajectory of Jewish and Latino Chelsea.\u201d<\/a> Senior honors thesis, Boston College, 2011.<\/p>\n<p>Cuozzo, Joan. <em>Hispanics in Chelsea: Income and Employment<\/em>. Boston: University of Massachusetts Boston and Chelsea Commission on Hispanic Affairs, 1990.<\/p>\n<p>Hardy-Fanta, Carol. <em>Latina Politics, Latino Politics: Gender, Culture, and Political Participation in Boston<\/em>. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1993.<\/p>\n<p>Hardy-Fanta, Carol and Jeffrey N. Gerson. <em>Latino Politics in Massachusetts<\/em>. New York, NY: Routledge, 2002.<\/p>\n<p>Hernandez, Deborah Pacini. \u201cQuiet Crisis: A Community History of Latinos in Cambridge, Massachusetts.\u201d In <em>Latinos in New England, <\/em>edited by Andr\u00e9s Torres, 149\u201370. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2006.<\/p>\n<p>Jacobs, Glenn. \u201cService versus Advocacy: A Comparison of Two Latino Community-Based Organizations in Chelsea, Massachusetts.\u201d <em>Trotter Review<\/em> 19 (January 2010): 81\u2013106.<\/p>\n<p>Melendez, Sarah Elba. \u201cHispanos, Desegregation and Bilingual Education: A Case Analysis of the Role of \u2018El Comite De Padres\u2019 in the Court-Ordered Desegregation of the Boston Public Schools (1974 &#8211; 1975).\u201d Ed.D. diss., Harvard University, 1981.<\/p>\n<p>Ospino, Hoffsman. \u201cLatino Catholics in New England.\u201d In <em>Latinos in New England<\/em>, edited by Andr\u00e9s Torres, 203\u201323. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2006.<\/p>\n<p>Rodr\u00edguez, F\u00e9lix V. Matos. \u201cThe \u2018Browncoats\u2019 Are Coming: Latino Public History in Boston.\u201d <em>The Public Historian<\/em> 23 (Fall 2001): 15\u201328.<\/p>\n<p>Small, Mario Luis.\u00a0<em>Villa Victoria<\/em><em>: The Transformation of Social Capital in a Boston Barrio<\/em>. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.tufts.edu\/spotlight\/somerville-cambridge-latino-community-history-project\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Somerville\/Cambridge Latino Community History Project<\/a>, 2002-2010. Urban Borderlands Records, Digital Collections and Archives, Tufts University.<\/p>\n<p>Task Force on Children Out of School. &#8220;The Way We Go to School; the Exclusion of Children in Boston; a Report.&#8221; Boston, 1970.<\/p>\n<p>Torres, Andr\u00e9s, ed. <em>Latinos in New England<\/em>. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2006.<\/p>\n<p>Uriarte-Gast\u00f3n, Miren. \u201cContra Viento y Marea (Against All Odds): Latinos Build Community in Boston.\u201d In <em>Latinos in Boston\u202f: Confronting Poverty, Building Community<\/em>, 1-33. Boston: Boston Persistent Poverty Project, Boston Foundation, 1992.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"portuguese\">Portuguese<\/h2>\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;\">Ito-Adler, James P. <em>The Portuguese in Cambridge and Somerville<\/em>. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge Department of Community Development, 1977.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;\">Olasky, Martin. \u201cLife is Difficult for the Majority: The Portuguese of Massachusetts,\u201d <em>Boston Globe<\/em>, April 30, 1973.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;\">Pap, Leo. <em>The Portuguese Americans<\/em>. Boston: Twayne, 1981.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;\">Rogers, Francis. \u201cPortuguese\u201d in Stephan Thernstrom, ed., <em>Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups<\/em>. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University, 1980, 813-881.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/americanarchive.org\/catalog\/cpb-aacip-15-13zs7rgg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u201cWGBH Journal; The Portuguese Community in Cambridge and Somerville, Interview with Victor Sidel, and News of the Day with Louis Lyons ,\u201d<\/a> 1978-03-24, WGBH, American Archive of Public Broadcasting (WGBH and the Library of Congress), Boston, MA and Washington, DC.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"southasians\">South Asians<\/h2>\n<p>Boston Redevelopment Authority, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bostonredevelopmentauthority.org\/getattachment\/fb373ac4-ff85-415f-9984-739b3767f296\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>Imagine All the People: Indians in Boston<\/em><\/a>. 2016.<\/p>\n<p>Considine, Craig.<em>\u00a0Islam, Race, and Pluralism in the Pakistani Diaspora. <\/em>London &amp; New York: Routledge &#8211; Taylor &amp; Francis Group, \u00a02017.<\/p>\n<p>Levitt, Peggy. <em>God Needs No Passport<\/em>. New York: New Press, 2007.<\/p>\n<p>Masurkar, Alpita. <a href=\"https:\/\/dspace.mit.edu\/handle\/1721.1\/77881\">\u201cSouth Asians in Boston.\u201d<\/a> M.A. thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/archive.boston.com\/jobs\/diversityspring07\/articles\/2007\/04\/18\/how_asian_indians_experience_america\/\">\u201cHow Asian-Indians Experience America.\u201d<\/a> <em>Diversity<\/em>, Spring 2007.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"syrians\">Syrians\/Lebanese<\/h2>\n<p>Boosahda, Elizabeth. <em>Arab-American Faces and Voices.\u00a0<\/em>Austin: University of Texas Press, 2003.<\/p>\n<p>Bordewich, Chloe and Lydia Harrington. <a href=\"https:\/\/aljumhuriya.net\/en\/2022\/11\/19\/bostons-little-syria\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Boston&#8217;s Little Syria: The Rise and Fall of a Diasporic Neighborhood<\/a>, November 19, 2022.<\/p>\n<p>Hagopian, Elaine C. \u201cThe Institutional Development of the Arab-American Community of Boston: A Sketch.&#8221; In\u00a0<em>The Arab Americans: Studies in Assimilation, <\/em>edited by\u00a0Elaine C. Hagopian and Ann Paden<em>. <\/em>Willamette, IL: Medina University Press International, 1969.<\/p>\n<p>Shakir, Evelyn. \u201cGood Works, Good Times: The Syrian Ladies Aid Society of Boston.\u201d In\u00a0<em>Crossing the Waters: Arab Speaking Immigrants to the United States before 1940, <\/em>edited by\u00a0Eric C. Hoogland. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1987, 133-43.<\/p>\n<p>Shakir, Evelyn. \u201cBoston, Massachusetts: Dream of a Good Land,\u201d in <em>Taking Root, Bearing Fruit: The Arab American Experience<\/em>, special issue of the ADC Issues, 1984, 43-47.<\/p>\n<p>Tinory, Eugene. <em>Journey From Ammeah<\/em>. Brattleboro, VT: Amana Books, 1986.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"vietnamese\">Vietnamese<\/h2>\n<p>Aguilar-San Juan, Karin. <em>Little Saigons\u202f: Staying Vietnamese in America<\/em>. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2009.<\/p>\n<p>Bloemraad, Irene. <em>Becoming a Citizen: Incorporating Immigrants and Refugees in the United States and Canada<\/em>. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2006.<\/p>\n<p>Schipper, Henry. \u201cThe Boat People of Boston:\u201d <em>Boston Magazine<\/em>, June 1980.<\/p>\n<p>Nguyen, Thanh-Nghi Bao. \u201cVietnamese Manicurists: The Making of an Ethnic Niche.\u201d Ph.D. diss., Boston University, 2010.<\/p>\n<p>McGroarty, Patrick M. <a href=\"http:\/\/dlib.bc.edu\/islandora\/object\/bc-ir:102329\">\u201cThe Lion in Fields Corner: Building a Vietnamese Community in the New Boston.\u201d<\/a> Senior honors thesis, Boston College, 2006.<\/p>\n<p>Borges-M\u00e9ndez, Ram\u00f3n, Michael Liu, and Paul Watanabe. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ilctr.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/09\/immigrant_entrepreneur.pdf\">\u201cImmigrant Entrepreneurs and Neighborhood Revitalization.\u201d<\/a> Malden, Mass.: Immigrant Learning Center, 2005.<\/p>\n<p>Paul Watanabe. \u201cThe Rebirth of Fields Corner: Vietnamese Immigrant Entrepreneurs and the Revitalization of a Boston Neighborhood.\u201d <em>Western New England Law Review<\/em> 31 (2009): 781\u201395.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"westindians\">West Indians<\/h2>\n<p>Johnson, Violet Showers.\u00a0<em>The Other Black Bostonians: West Indians in Boston, 1900-1950<\/em>. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2006.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;. \u201cRelentless Ex-colonials and Militant Immigrants: Protest Strategies of Boston\u2019s West Indian Immigrants, 1910-1950.\u201d In <em>The Civil Rights Movement Revisited: Critical Perspectives on the Struggle for Racial Equality in the United States,\u00a0<\/em>edited by\u00a0Patrick B Miller, Therese Frey Steffen and Elisabeth Schafer-Wunsche, 9-20. LIT VERLAG\/Transaction Publishers, 2001.<\/p>\n<h1 id=\"refugees\" style=\"text-align: center;\">Refugees and Asylees<\/h1>\n<p>Aguilar-San Juan, Karin. <em>Little Saigons\u202f: Staying Vietnamese in America<\/em>. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2009.<\/p>\n<p>Bloemraad, Irene. <em>Becoming a Citizen: Incorporating Immigrants and Refugees in the United States and Canada<\/em>. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2006.<\/p>\n<p>Bon Tempo, Carl. \u201cRefugees, Asylees, and Immigrants,\u201d in <em>Immigrants in American History: Arrival, Adaptation, and Integration<\/em>, vol. 4, edited by Elliott R. Barkan, 1521-37. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2013.<\/p>\n<p>Camacho, Paul, Abdi Dirshe, Mohamoud and Mohammad J. Farah. <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarworks.umb.edu\/trotter_review\/vol22\/iss1\/6\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u201cThe Somali Diaspora in Greater Boston,\u201d<\/a> <em>Trotter Review<\/em> 22, no. 1, 99-119.<\/p>\n<p>Kazis, Bernice, Elaine Bakal, and Zelda Kaplan. <em>Short Stories of a Long Journey: An Oral History of Russian Jewish Resettlement North of Boston<\/em>. Swampscott, Mass: Hand-In-Hand Oral History Project, 2002.<\/p>\n<p>Schipper, Henry. \u201cThe Boat People of Boston:\u201d <em>Boston Magazine<\/em>, June 1980.<\/p>\n<p>Smith-Hefner, Nancy Joan. <em>Khmer American: Identity and Moral Education in a Diasporic Community<\/em>. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999.<\/p>\n<p>Simon, Rita J. and Melanie Brooks. \u201cSoviet Jewish Immigrants\u2019 Adjustment in Four United States Cities.\u201d <em>Journal of Jewish Communal Service<\/em> 60 (November 1983): 56\u201364.<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">Work and the Economy<\/h1>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Acehan, Isil. &#8220;&#8216;Ottoman Street in America&#8217;: Turkish Leatherworkers in Peabody, Massachusetts,&#8221; <em>International Review of Social History<\/em> 54 (<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">December 2009): <\/span><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">19 &#8211; 44.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Berdick, Chris. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bostonmagazine.com\/2006\/05\/fare-game\/\">\u201cFare Game?\u201d<\/a>\u00a0<em>Boston Magazine<\/em>, September 2004.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Borges-M\u00e9ndez, Ramon, et al. <a href=\"http:\/\/scholarworks.umb.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1000&amp;context=csp_pubs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u201cImmigrant Workers in the Massachusetts Health Care Industry: A Report on Status and Future Prospects.\u201d<\/a> Center for Social Policy, University of Massachusetts Boston, 2009.<\/p>\n<p>Borges-M\u00e9ndez, Ram\u00f3n, Michael Liu, and Paul Watanabe. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ilctr.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/09\/immigrant_entrepreneur.pdf\">\u201cImmigrant Entrepreneurs and Neighborhood Revitalization.\u201d<\/a> Malden, Mass.: Immigrant Learning Center, 2005.<\/p>\n<p>Chomsky, Aviva.\u00a0<em>Linked Labor Histories<\/em><em>: New England, Colombia, and the Making of a Global Working Class<\/em>. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2008.<\/p>\n<p>Green, James R.\u00a0<em>Boston\u2019s Workers<\/em><em>: A Labor History<\/em>. Boston: Boston Public Library, 1979.<\/p>\n<p>Halter, Marilyn.\u00a0<em>New Migrants in the Marketplace<\/em>\u202f<em>: Boston\u2019s Ethnic Entrepreneurs<\/em>. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1995.<\/p>\n<p>Kreider, Benjamin A. &#8220;Labor\u2019s \u201cNew Kids on the Block:\u201d Three Essays on Collaboration Between Immigrant Worker Centers and Unions.&#8221; Ph.D. diss., Brandeis University, 2021.<\/p>\n<p>Lam, Margaret C. \u201cChinese Immigrant Women in the Garment Industry in Boston, Massachusetts 1965-1985.\u201d Honors Thesis, Harvard College, 1991.<\/p>\n<p>Monti, Daniel J., Laurel Smith-Doerr, and James McQuaid. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ilctr.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/09\/immigrants_in_biotechnology.pdf\">\u201cImmigrant Entrepreneurs in the Massachusetts Biotechnology Industry.\u201d<\/a> Malden, Mass.: Immigrant Learning Center, 2007.<\/p>\n<p>Nguyen, Thanh-Nghi Bao. \u201cVietnamese Manicurists: The Making of an Ethnic Niche.\u201d Ph.D., Boston University, 2010.<\/p>\n<p>Sum, Andrew , et al. <a href=\"http:\/\/massinc.org\/research\/the-changing-face-of-massachusetts\/\">\u201cThe Changing Workforce: Immigrants and the New Economy in Massachusetts.\u201d<\/a> Boston: MassINC, 1999.<\/p>\n<p>Watanabe, Paul. \u201cThe Rebirth of Fields Corner: Vietnamese Immigrant Entrepreneurs and the Revitalization of a Boston Neighborhood.\u201d\u00a0<em>Western New England Law Review<\/em>\u00a031 (2009): 781\u201395.<\/p>\n<h1 id=\"nativism\" style=\"text-align: center;\">Nativism, Racism and Violence<\/h1>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Asian American Resource Workshop. \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/repository.library.northeastern.edu\/downloads\/neu:274096?datastream_id=content\">To Live in Peace: Responding to Anti-Asian Violence in Boston.\u201d<\/a> Boston, MA, 1987.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Bock, Paula and Ken Brusic.\u00a0<em>The Asians: Quincy\u2019s Newest Immigrants<\/em>. Quincy, MA: Patriot Ledger, 1989.<\/p>\n<p>De Milo, David. \u201cJury Duty.\u201d\u00a0<em>Boston Magazine<\/em>, November 1986.<\/p>\n<p>Hirota, Hidetaka. <em>Expelling the Poor: Atlantic Seaboard States and the Origins of American Immigration Policy.<\/em> New York: Oxford University Press, 2017.<\/p>\n<p>Johnson, Marilynn S. <em>The New Bostonians: How Immigrants Have Transformed the Metro Area Since the 1960s.\u00a0<\/em>Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2015, chapter 5.<\/p>\n<p>Stack, John F.\u00a0<em>International Conflict in an American City<\/em>\u202f<em>: Boston\u2019s Irish, Italians, and Jews, 1935-1944<\/em>. Contributions in Political Science, No. 26. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press, 1979.<\/p>\n<p>Tang, Suet-ling Shirley. \u201c\u2018Enough Is Enough\u2019: Struggles for Cambodian American Community Development in Revere, Massachusetts.\u201d Ph.D. dissertation, State University of New York at Buffalo, 2002.<\/p>\n<p>Whyte, William. \u201cRace Conflicts in the North End of Boston.\u201d\u00a0<em>New England Quarterly<\/em>\u00a012, no. 4 (December 1939): 623\u201342.<\/p>\n<h1 id=\"religion\" style=\"text-align: center;\">Religion<\/h1>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Chai, Karen Jung Won. \u201cInter-Ethnic Religious Diversity: Korean Buddhists and Protestants in Greater Boston.\u201d In\u00a0<em>Korean Americans and Their Religions<\/em>, edited by Kwon, Ho-Youn, Kwang Chun Kim, and R. Stephen Warner. State College: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2001.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8212; &#8212; &#8212; . \u201cProtestant-Catholic-Buddhist: Korean Americans and Religious Adaptation in Greater Boston.\u201d Ph.D., Harvard University, 2000.<\/p>\n<p>Chaskel, Sebasti\u00e1n. <a href=\"http:\/\/dca.lib.tufts.edu\/features\/urban\/MS083.004.001.00010.pdf\">\u201cFrom Yucuaiqu\u00edn to Somerville: Religious Beliefs and Traditions of a Transnational Community.\u201d<\/a> 2004. Urban Borderlands Records. Tufts Digital Collections and Archives.<\/p>\n<p>Curry, Thomas. \u201cA Korean Catholic Experience: St. Philip Neri Parish in the Archdiocese of Boston.\u201d\u00a0<em>US Catholic Historian<\/em>\u00a018 (Winter 2000).<\/p>\n<p>Dwyer-Ryan, Meaghan.\u00a0<em>Becoming American Jews<\/em><em>: Temple Israel of Boston<\/em>. Brandeis Series in American Jewish History, Culture, and Life. Waltham, Mass: Brandeis University Press\u202f; Hanover NH, 2009.<\/p>\n<p>Eck, Diana L.\u00a0<em>A New Religious America<\/em><em>: How a \u201cChristian Country\u201d Has Now Become the World\u2019s Most Religiously Diverse Nation<\/em>. 1st ed.. San Francisco: Harper, 2001.<\/p>\n<p>Emmanuel Gospel Center.\u00a0<em>New England\u2019s Book of Acts<\/em>. 2 vols. Boston, 2007.<\/p>\n<p>Gerson, Jeffrey N. \u201cLatino Migration, the Catholic Church, and Political Division: Lowell.\u201d In\u00a0<em>Latinos Politics in Massachusetts<\/em>, edited by Hardy-Fanta, Carol and Gerson, Jeffrey N., 127\u201352. New York: Routledge, 2002.<\/p>\n<p>Hickok, Spencer and Vincente Cruz. <a href=\"http:\/\/dca.lib.tufts.edu\/features\/urban\/MS083.004.003.00002.pdf\">\u201cReligion and Community among Somerville Latinos.\u201d<\/a> 2004. Urban Borderlands Records. Tufts Digital Collections and Archives.<\/p>\n<p>Jackson, Regine O. \u201cAfter the Exodus: The New Catholics in Boston\u2019s Old Ethnic Neighborhoods.\u201d\u00a0<em>Religion and American Culture<\/em>\u00a017, no. 2 (Summer 2007): 191\u2013212.<\/p>\n<p>Johnson, Marilynn S. \u201c\u2019The Quiet Revival\u2019: New Immigrants and the Transformation of Christianity in Greater Boston,\u201d <em>Religion and American Culture<\/em> 24, no. 2 (Summer 2014): 231-58.<\/p>\n<p>Lahaj, Mary. &#8220;Building an Islamic Community in America.&#8221; MA thesis, Hartford Seminary, 1992.<\/p>\n<p>Levitt, Peggy.\u00a0<em>God Needs No Passport<\/em><em>: Immigrants and the Changing American Religious Landscape<\/em>. New York: New Press, 2007.<\/p>\n<p>Lucken, Kristen. \u201cBosnians in Search of Community: Keeping Faith and Ethnicity Alive in Boston.\u201d In\u00a0<em>What\u2019s New About the \u201cNew\u201d Immigration? Traditions and Transformations in the US Since 1965<\/em>. Edited by Marilyn Halter, Marilynn S. Johnson, Katheryn P. Viens, and Conrad Edick Wright, 131-62. New York: Palgrave McMillan, 2014.<\/p>\n<p>Lucken, Kristen. \u201cIdentity Matters: Bosnian Identity Maintenance in a Post-Migration Setting.\u201d Ph.D. diss., Boston University, 2010.<\/p>\n<p>McComb, Veronica Savory. \u201cThe Bonds of Faith: Religion and Community among Nigerian Immigrants in the U.S., 1965-Present.\u201d Ph.D. diss., Boston University, 2010.<\/p>\n<p>&#8212; &#8212; &#8212; . \u201cThe Ties that Bind: Kinship, Religion and Community among Nigerian Immigrants in the United States.\u201d In\u00a0<em>What\u2019s New About the \u201cNew\u201d Immigration? Traditions and Transformations in the US Since 1965<\/em>. Edited by Marilyn Halter, Marilynn S. Johnson, Katheryn P. Viens, and Conrad Edick Wright, 163-96. New York: Palgrave McMillan, 2014.<\/p>\n<p>Muse, Erika.\u00a0<em>The Evangelical Church in Boston\u2019s Chinatown: A Discourse of Language, Gender and Identity<\/em>. New York: Routledge, 2005.<\/p>\n<p>O\u2019Connor, Thomas H.\u00a0<em>Boston Catholics<\/em><em>: A History of the Church and Its People<\/em>. Boston, Mass: Northeastern University Press, 1998.<\/p>\n<p>Ospino, Hoffsman. \u201cLatino Catholics in New England.\u201d In\u00a0<em>Latinos in New England<\/em>, edited by Andr\u00e9s Torres, 203\u201323. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2006.<\/p>\n<p>O\u2019Toole, James. \u201c\u2018The Newer Catholic Races\u2019: Ethnic Catholicism in Boston.\u201d\u00a0<em>New England Quarterly<\/em>\u00a065, no. 1 (March 1992): 117\u201334.<\/p>\n<p>Petersen, Kristen A. \u201cContested Bodies and Souls: Immigrant Converts in Boston.\u201d In\u00a0<em>Boston\u2019s Histories: Essays in Honor of Thomas H. O\u2019Connor<\/em>, edited by James O\u2019Toole, \u00a0and David Quigley. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 2004.<\/p>\n<p>Sarna, Jonathan D. and Ellen Smith.\u00a0<em>The Jews of Boston<\/em>. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2005.<\/p>\n<p>Wang, Zhongxin. \u201cA History of Chinese Churches in Boston (1876&#8211;1994).\u201d Th.D.diss., Boston University School of Theology, 2000.<\/p>\n<p>Wyche, Wendy Jane. \u201cWe Are the World: A Parish Struggles to Embrace Diversity and Become a Multiracial and Multicultural Community.\u201d M.Div. thesis, Harvard Divinity School, 2005.<\/p>\n<h1 id=\"politics\" style=\"text-align: center;\">Politics<\/h1>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Bernstein, David. \u201cDon\u2019t F*ck with Linda.\u201d\u00a0<em>Boston Magazine<\/em>, July 2014.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Bloemraad, Irene.\u00a0<em>Becoming a Citizen<\/em><em>: Incorporating Immigrants and Refugees in the United States and Canada<\/em>. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2006.<\/p>\n<p>Bruno, Melania and Mauricio Gast\u00f3n. \u201cLatinos for Mel King: Some Reflections.\u201d\u00a0<em>Radical America<\/em>\u00a017\/18 (November 1983): 67\u201379.<\/p>\n<p>Camayd-Freixas, Yohel and Russell Paul Lopez.\u00a0<em>Gaps in Representative Democracy: Redistricting, Political Participation, and the Latino Vote in Boston.\u00a0<\/em>Boston: Hispanic Office of Planning and Evaluation, 1983.<\/p>\n<p>Cantave, Alix. \u201cIncorporation or Symbiosis: Haitians and African Americans in Mattapan.\u201d\u00a0<em>Trotter Review<\/em>\u00a019 (January 2010): 107\u201323.<\/p>\n<p>Chinese American Civic Association. \u201cReport on the Conference on the Future of Boston\u2019s Chinatown.\u201d Boston, 1972. [available at Boston Public Library].<\/p>\n<p>Connolly, James J..\u00a0<em>The Triumph of Ethnic Progressivism<\/em>\u202f<em>: Urban Political Culture in Boston, 1900-1925<\/em>. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1998.<\/p>\n<p>Green, James. \u201cThe Making of Mel King\u2019s Rainbow Coalition: Political Changes in Boston, 1963\u20131983.\u201d\u00a0<em>Radical America<\/em>\u00a017\/18 (November 1983): 9\u201334.<\/p>\n<p>Grossman-Crist, Shoshana. <a href=\"https:\/\/dl.tufts.edu\/concern\/pdfs\/73666g75w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u201cCentro Presente: Building Community and Awareness of Rights among the Latin American Immigrant Population in Massachusetts.\u201d<\/a> 2006. Tufts Digital Collections and Archives.<\/p>\n<p>Hardy-Fanta, Carol.\u00a0<em>Latina Politics, Latino Politics<\/em><em>: Gender, Culture, and Political Participation in Boston<\/em>. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1993.<\/p>\n<p>Hardy-Fanta, Carol and Jeffrey N. Gerson.\u00a0<em>Latino Politics in Massachusetts<\/em>. New York: Routledge, 2002.<\/p>\n<p>Jacobs, Glenn. \u201cService versus Advocacy: A Comparison of Two Latino Community-Based Organizations in Chelsea, Massachusetts.\u201d\u00a0<em>Trotter Review<\/em>\u00a019 (January 2010): 81\u2013106.<\/p>\n<p>King, Mel.\u00a0<em>Chain of Change<\/em><em>: Struggles for Black Community Development<\/em>. Boston: South End Press, 1981.<\/p>\n<p>Liu, Michael Chung-Ngok. \u201cChinatown\u2019s Neighborhood Mobilization and Urban Development in Boston.\u201d Ph.D. diss., University of Massachusetts Boston, 1999.<\/p>\n<p>Liu, Maichael. <em>Forever Struggle: Activism, Identity, and Survival in Boston&#8217;s Chinatown, 1880-2018<\/em>. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2020.<\/p>\n<p>Liu, Mike. \u201cGrass Roots Politics and Boston\u2019s Asian Community.\u201d <em>Radical America<\/em> 17\/18 (Nov. 1983): 80\u201386.<\/p>\n<p>Massachusetts Immigrant and Refugee Advocacy Coalition. \u201cMany Voices Joined for Justice: MIRA 25th Anniversary.\u201d MIRA, 2012.<\/p>\n<p>Melendez, Sarah Elba. \u201cHispanos, Desegregation and Bilingual Education: A Case Analysis of the Role of \u2018El Comite De Padres\u2019 in the Court-Ordered Desegregation of the Boston Public Schools (1974 &#8211; 1975).\u201d Ed.D. diss., Harvard University, 1981.<\/p>\n<p>O\u2019Connor, Thomas H.\u00a0<em>Building a New Boston<\/em><em>: Politics and Urban Renewal, 1950-1970<\/em>. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1993.<\/p>\n<p>&#8212; &#8212; &#8212;\u00a0<em>The Boston Irish<\/em><em>: A Political History<\/em>. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1995.<\/p>\n<p>O\u2019Neill, Gerard.\u00a0<em>Rogues and Redeemers: When Politics Was King in Irish Boston<\/em>. New York: Crown Publishers, 2012.<\/p>\n<p>Pineros Shields, Thomas. \u201cDREAMers Rising: Constituting the Undocumented Student Immigrant Movement.\u201d Ph.D. diss., Brandeis University, 2014.<\/p>\n<p>Rodr\u00edguez, F\u00e9lix V Matos. \u201cSaving the Parcela: A Short History of Boston\u2019s Puerto Rican Community.\u201d In\u00a0<em>The Puerto Rican Diaspora: Historical Perspectives<\/em>. Edited by Carmen Teresa Whalen and V\u00edctor V\u00e1zquez Hern\u00e1ndez, 200-226. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2005.<\/p>\n<p>Schow, Victoria. &#8220;The Local Political Incorporation of New Immigrants in Non-Traditional Gateways: A Case Study of Brockton and Lowell, Massachusetts,&#8221; Ph.D. diss., Northeastern University, 2016.<\/p>\n<p>Small, Mario Luis.\u00a0<em>Villa Victoria<\/em><em>: The Transformation of Social Capital in a Boston Barrio<\/em>. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004.<\/p>\n<p>Sullivan, Charles, Kathlyn Hatch, and Action for Boston Community Development.\u00a0<em>The Chinese in Boston, 1970.\u00a0<\/em>Boston: ABCD, 1970.<\/p>\n<p>Task Force on Children Out of School.\u00a0<em>The Way We Go to School; the Exclusion of Children in Boston; a Report.<\/em>\u00a0Boston, 1970.<\/p>\n<p>Uriarte-Gast\u00f3n, Miren. \u201cOrganizing for Survival: The Emergence of a Puerto Rican Community.\u201d Ph.D. diss., Boston University, 1988.<\/p>\n<p>Vrabel, Jim.\u00a0<em>A People\u2019s History of the New Boston<\/em>. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2014.<\/p>\n<h1 id=\"links\" style=\"text-align: center;\">Links to Sources on Greater Boston Area Immigration<\/h1>\n<p class=\"p1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.boston.gov\/departments\/immigrant-advancement\/immigrant-demographics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"s1\">Boston Mayor\u2019s Office for Immigrant Advancement\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ilctr.org\/promoting-immigrants-2\/immigration-research\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Immigrant Learning Center<\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/libguides.uml.edu\/c.php?g=1315041\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Immigration Stories: The World Comes to Lowell<\/a>, University of Massachusetts Lowell<\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jwa.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jewish Women\u2019s Archives<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lawrencehistorycenter.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"s1\">Lawrence History Center\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/eastboston.library.northeastern.edu\/our-home-an-east-boston-community-archiving-project\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Our Home: An East Boston Community Archiving Project<\/a>, Northeastern University<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/pluralism.org\/boston\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pluralism Project: World Religions in Greater Boston<\/a>, Harvard University<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/bibliography\/ethnic-newspapers\/\"><strong>Ethnic Newspapers of Greater Boston (click here for complete list)<\/strong><\/a><\/h1>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_single_image image=&#8221;815&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1473685694356{margin-top: -50px !important;}&#8221;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1707859900624{margin-top: -30px !important;padding-right: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;padding-left: 30px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;}&#8221;] General Works Ethnic Groups Asian Americans \/ Brazilians \/ Cambodians \/ Canadians \/ Cape Verdeans \/ Chinese \/ Central Americans \/ Colombians \/\u00a0Dominicans \/ Haitians \/ Irish \/ Italians \/ Jews \/ Koreans \/ Latinos \/ Portuguese \/\u00a0South Asians&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":79,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[9],"class_list":["post-621","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","tag-bibliography","entry","no-media"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Bibliography - Global Boston<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/bibliography\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bibliography - Global Boston\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[vc_row][vc_column][vc_single_image image=&#8221;815&#8243; 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