{"id":22879,"date":"2024-07-09T19:23:32","date_gmt":"2024-07-09T19:23:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/?page_id=22879"},"modified":"2024-08-01T15:06:53","modified_gmt":"2024-08-01T15:06:53","slug":"watertown","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/immigrant-places\/watertown\/","title":{"rendered":"Watertown"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\">[vc_row][vc_column]<style>.vcex-heading.vcex_6a1b46625e86a{font-size:36px;}<\/style><div class=\"vcex-heading vcex-heading-plain vcex-module wpex-heading wpex-text-2xl vc_custom_1720554903340 vcex_6a1b46625e86a\"><span class=\"vcex-heading-inner wpex-inline-block\">Watertown<\/span><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1722524810393{margin-top: -40px !important;padding-right: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;padding-left: 30px !important;}&#8221;]<figure id=\"attachment_22891\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-22891\" style=\"width: 677px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"http:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Arsenal-aerial-view-1939-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-22891\" src=\"http:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Arsenal-aerial-view-1939-1024x726.jpg\" alt=\"Aerial view of government buildings and nearby factories next to the Charles River.\" width=\"677\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Arsenal-aerial-view-1939-1024x726.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Arsenal-aerial-view-1939-300x213.jpg 300w, https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Arsenal-aerial-view-1939-768x545.jpg 768w, https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Arsenal-aerial-view-1939-1536x1089.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Arsenal-aerial-view-1939-2048x1453.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 677px) 100vw, 677px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-22891\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Aerial view of the Arsenal in East Watertown, 1939. The long rectangular building just north of Arsenal Street is the Hood Rubber Company. Courtesy National Archives Boston and the Digital Commonwealth.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In July of 1630, an English expedition established a colony on the homelands of the Pequossette and Nonantum groups of the Massachusett people. First known as Saltonstall Plantation, Watertown was one of the earliest Massachusetts Bay Colony settlements. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While primarily a farming community, by the 1800s, Watertown was a center for the spinning and weaving of textiles\u2013enterprises responsible for the foundation of the town&#8217;s earliest immigrant communities. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Watertown\u2019s proximity to Boston, <a href=\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/cambridge\/\">Cambridge<\/a>, and the Charles River made it an ideal location for manufacturing. Following the War of 1812, the Aetna Mills supplied sailcloth for the USS Constitution, while the establishment of the Watertown Arsenal in 1816 stimulated the production of firearms and cannons. <\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_22886\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-22886\" style=\"width: 485px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Irish-Boarding-Hse-1880s.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-22886\" src=\"http:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Irish-Boarding-Hse-1880s-1024x731.jpg\" alt=\"Men, women in children in fancy dress posed on the porch of a boarding house.\" width=\"485\" height=\"346\" srcset=\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Irish-Boarding-Hse-1880s-1024x731.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Irish-Boarding-Hse-1880s-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Irish-Boarding-Hse-1880s-768x548.jpg 768w, https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Irish-Boarding-Hse-1880s.jpg 1121w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 485px) 100vw, 485px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-22886\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Residents of an Irish boarding house in Watertown, 1880s. Courtesy of the Watertown Free Public Library and the Digital Commonwealth.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The town\u2019s growing industrial strength attracted <a href=\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/ethnic-groups\/irish\/\">Irish<\/a> immigrants spurred by the Great Famine in 1846. Many of those migrants found employment in Watertown\u2019s mills and foundries, particularly at the Walker-Pratt Manufacturing Company. Outside of the workplace, Watertown\u2019s Irish community strengthened their ties at St. Patrick\u2019s parish, which served as both a spiritual and cultural center for Irish Catholics.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Perhaps the defining moment of Watertown\u2019s industrial development was the 1896 establishment of the Hood Rubber Factory. Coinciding with the Armenian massacres of 1895-1896, the factory became a magnet for many <a href=\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/ethnic-groups\/armenians\/\">Armenian<\/a> refugees. Although Watertown had not previously been a destination for Armenians, its residents spearheaded relief efforts out of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Through newspaper ads and local connections, they facilitated employment and shelter for Armenian refugees. In 1912, Hood Rubber helped establish the Abraham Lincoln House in East Watertown, a settlement house where immigrants could learn English and receive assistance in acclimating to a new country. Following the 1915 Armenian genocide, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">thousands more <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">sought refuge in Watertown, drawn by the presence of earlier Armenian settlers and job opportunities at Hood Rubber. By<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 1930, there were more than 3500 Armenians living in Watertown\u2013nearly ten percent of the population.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_22888\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-22888\" style=\"width: 335px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"http:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Abraham-Lincoln-House-E-Watertown-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-22888\" src=\"http:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Abraham-Lincoln-House-E-Watertown-1.jpg\" alt=\"Men, women, and children dressed up and posed in front of large 2-story house with grass and trees.\" width=\"335\" height=\"308\" srcset=\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Abraham-Lincoln-House-E-Watertown-1.jpg 415w, https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Abraham-Lincoln-House-E-Watertown-1-300x275.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 335px) 100vw, 335px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-22888\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Immigrant families gathered outside the Abraham Lincoln House, a settlement house in East Watertown, ca. 1900-1920. Courtesy of Amistad Research Center.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">During these same years, a significant wave of immigration from southern and eastern Europe reshaped Watertown&#8217;s demographic landscape. Many were Greeks who, like Armenians, fled economic hardship and oppression under the Ottoman Empire. In 1913, three families laid the foundation for a Greek community, which flourished around the Greek Orthodox Church in the East End. By 1923, the Greek community had expanded to 30 families. While some found employment at Hood Rubber and the Arsenal, which nearly tripled in size during World War I, many Greeks found their place in the restaurant industry. During this period, the <a href=\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/ethnic-groups\/italians\/\">Italian<\/a> population also experienced significant growth. In 1918, the Squilliani Society, dedicated to assisting Italian immigrants, relocated its headquarters to Watertown, solidifying the presence of the town&#8217;s Italian community. The end of World War I also saw Italians moving from Boston&#8217;s crowded North End to Watertown&#8217;s suburbs in search of a wholesome environment for their families.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">During World War II, the demand for rubber surged due to military needs, spurring significant economic growth in Watertown. Hood Rubber heavily depended on immigrant labor, with approximately 9000 employees during the war, including Armenians, Greeks, Irish, and Italians. Immigrant women notably contributed to the workforce, especially in the Arsenal\u2019s warehouses. However, the rubber industry\u2019s period of prosperity did not survive post-war competition from foreign manufacturers. Between 1961 and 1971, there was a sharp drop in employment and payrolls, largely attributed to the termination of significant operations at the Arsenal in 1964 and the closure of Hood Rubber in 1969. Watertown&#8217;s industrial landscape later shifted as technology-oriented industries emerged, a change accompanied by a new wave of immigration and the continuation of Watertown\u2019s tradition of welcoming newcomers.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The start of the Lebanese Civil War in 1975 resulted in a surge of immigrants from Lebanon, both <a href=\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/ethnic-groups\/syrianslebanese-and-arab-americans\/\">Lebanese<\/a> and ethnic Armenians. In response to the growing immigrant population, the Watertown School Department received a federal grant in 1977 to establish the Armenian Bilingual Project, the first of its kind in US public schools. Watertown was also the first US community to offer Armenian language classes in its public high school, starting in 1969 and continuing up to the present. Throughout the 1980s, Watertown continued to attract Armenians and Lebanese, as well as new residents from <a href=\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/ethnic-groups\/syrianslebanese-and-arab-americans\/\">Syria<\/a>, Turkey, <a href=\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/ethnic-groups\/chinese\/\">China<\/a>, and Iran. This period also witnessed a rise in immigration from Ireland, spurred by unemployment and recession. After the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991, Russians and Romanians settled in Watertown as well.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the decades that followed, the percentage of foreign-born residents in Watertown rose steadily, from 17 percent in 1990 to 25 percent in 2020. In 2014, the Watertown Citizens Refugee Support Group was established in response to the Syrian refugee crisis, assisting those from the Middle East and South or Central America. As of 2020, the group had worked with 80 refugees in the greater Boston area, demonstrating Watertown&#8217;s enduring commitment to providing support and refuge to individuals from diverse backgrounds.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">&#8211;Ciara Leonard<\/p>\n<p><strong>Works Cited<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Beach, Greg. <\/span><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The World and Watertown: Tales of an American Hometown. <\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2017.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Davis, William. &#8220;The Armenians of Watertown,&#8221; <em>Boston Globe<\/em>, November 26, 1978.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hagopian, Roger. <\/span><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Destination Watertown: The Armenians of Hood Rubber<\/span><\/em><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yeznig Films, 2010.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hodges, Andrew. <\/span><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Crossroads on the Charles<\/span><\/em><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Digital Scanning Inc., 2005.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.goarchangels.org\/projects\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Taxiarchae\/Archangels Greek Orthodox Church, Parish History<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reddy, Sigrid. <\/span><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Watertown Echoes: A Look Back at Life in a Massachusetts Town<\/span><\/em><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. New York: <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vantage Press, 2007.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1722524810393{margin-top: -40px !important;padding-right: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;padding-left: 30px !important;}&#8221;] In July of 1630, an English expedition established a colony on the homelands of the Pequossette and Nonantum groups of the Massachusett people. First known as Saltonstall Plantation, Watertown was one of the earliest Massachusetts Bay Colony settlements. While primarily a farming community, by the&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":1005,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[102,62,24,26,18,10,65,103,30,104,101],"class_list":["post-22879","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","tag-armenians","tag-greeks","tag-history","tag-immigrant","tag-immigration","tag-irish","tag-italians","tag-lebanese","tag-massachusetts","tag-syrians","tag-watertown","entry","no-media"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Watertown - Global Boston<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/immigrant-places\/watertown\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Watertown - Global Boston\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[vc_row][vc_column][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1722524810393{margin-top: -40px !important;padding-right: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;padding-left: 30px !important;}&#8221;] In July of 1630, an English expedition established a colony on the homelands of the Pequossette and Nonantum groups of the Massachusett people. First known as Saltonstall Plantation, Watertown was one of the earliest Massachusetts Bay Colony settlements. While primarily a farming community, by the&hellip;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/immigrant-places\/watertown\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Global Boston\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/GlobalBostonHistory\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-08-01T15:06:53+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Arsenal-aerial-view-1939-1024x726.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@johnsohi\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/immigrant-places\/watertown\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/immigrant-places\/watertown\/\",\"name\":\"Watertown - Global Boston\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/immigrant-places\/watertown\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/immigrant-places\/watertown\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Arsenal-aerial-view-1939-1024x726.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-07-09T19:23:32+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-08-01T15:06:53+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/immigrant-places\/watertown\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/immigrant-places\/watertown\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/immigrant-places\/watertown\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Arsenal-aerial-view-1939-scaled.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Arsenal-aerial-view-1939-scaled.jpg\",\"width\":2560,\"height\":1816,\"caption\":\"Aerial view of the Arsenal in East Watertown, 1939. The long rectangular building just north of Arsenal Street is the Hood Rubber Company. Courtesy National Archives Boston and the Digital Commonwealth.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/immigrant-places\/watertown\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Immigrant Places\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/immigrant-places\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Watertown\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/\",\"name\":\"Global Boston\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Global Boston\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/06_01_012688_edited-1.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/06_01_012688_edited-1.jpg\",\"width\":1956,\"height\":900,\"caption\":\"Global Boston\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/GlobalBostonHistory\/\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/johnsohi\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Watertown - Global Boston","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/immigrant-places\/watertown\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Watertown - Global Boston","og_description":"[vc_row][vc_column][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1722524810393{margin-top: -40px !important;padding-right: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;padding-left: 30px !important;}&#8221;] In July of 1630, an English expedition established a colony on the homelands of the Pequossette and Nonantum groups of the Massachusett people. First known as Saltonstall Plantation, Watertown was one of the earliest Massachusetts Bay Colony settlements. While primarily a farming community, by the&hellip;","og_url":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/immigrant-places\/watertown\/","og_site_name":"Global Boston","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/GlobalBostonHistory\/","article_modified_time":"2024-08-01T15:06:53+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"http:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Arsenal-aerial-view-1939-1024x726.jpg","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_site":"@johnsohi","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/immigrant-places\/watertown\/","url":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/immigrant-places\/watertown\/","name":"Watertown - Global Boston","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/immigrant-places\/watertown\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/immigrant-places\/watertown\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"http:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Arsenal-aerial-view-1939-1024x726.jpg","datePublished":"2024-07-09T19:23:32+00:00","dateModified":"2024-08-01T15:06:53+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/immigrant-places\/watertown\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/immigrant-places\/watertown\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/immigrant-places\/watertown\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Arsenal-aerial-view-1939-scaled.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Arsenal-aerial-view-1939-scaled.jpg","width":2560,"height":1816,"caption":"Aerial view of the Arsenal in East Watertown, 1939. The long rectangular building just north of Arsenal Street is the Hood Rubber Company. Courtesy National Archives Boston and the Digital Commonwealth."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/immigrant-places\/watertown\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Immigrant Places","item":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/home\/immigrant-places\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Watertown"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/#website","url":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/","name":"Global Boston","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/#organization","name":"Global Boston","url":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/06_01_012688_edited-1.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/06_01_012688_edited-1.jpg","width":1956,"height":900,"caption":"Global Boston"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/GlobalBostonHistory\/","https:\/\/x.com\/johnsohi"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22879","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22879"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22879\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22909,"href":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22879\/revisions\/22909"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1005"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22879"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22879"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalboston.bc.edu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22879"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}